I have several themes planned for this Substack, one being the underappreciated beneficial aspects of markets. That’s why I’ve written about how markets adapt to changing conditions better than ...

All complex biological systems—like the DNA, RNA and proteins constantly being copied and built within our cells—are prone to errors. That means as life evolved to be more elaborate, it also had to ...

In September, Microsoft made an unusual combination of announcements. It demonstrated progress with quantum error correction, something that will be needed for the ...

NAND flash memory underpins a vast array of modern electronic devices, yet its increasing storage densities and shrinking semiconductor geometries have exacerbated ...

Error-corrected magic: Clifford circuits attain universality – that is, the ability to compute any function that quantum theory permits – upon injection of special states called magic states.

Researchers from Google have demonstrated a new generation of quantum computer, called Willow, which is able to run its random circuit sampling (RCS) benchmark significantly faster than a ...

If you’ve ever sent a text message, played a CD, or stored a file in the cloud, you’ve benefited from error correction. This revolutionary idea dates back to the ...

Breakthrough technology advancement solves the biggest problem in traceability -- an unacceptably high error rate -- ensuring the quality and accuracy of data ...

Error correction occurs in decoding because there are only limited legal states available at any node on the graph. When the bit stream contains an illegal code, the decoder knows an error occurred.