Feature engineering involves systematically transforming raw data into meaningful and informative features (predictors). It is an indispensable process in machine learning and data science. This ...

a.The architecture of the all-optical CNN for OAM-mediated machine learning, which can be applied to encode a data-specific image into OAM states. The photonic neural network comprises a trainable ...

In data analysis, time series forecasting relies on various machine learning algorithms, each with its own strengths. However, we will talk about two of the most used ones. Long Short-Term Memory ...