If we replace the potentiometer VR1 with an AC signal plus DC bias signal in any of the previous Figures 3 to 17, the voltage controlled attenuators can become an amplitude modulator circuit instead.

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

Pinpointing the minimum and maximum transient noise bandwidth for a transient noise simulation is a non-trivial task. But ...

The key parameters of the FSS technique and their impact on EMI performance. How to evaluate FSS performance using simulation, ICs, and a signal generator. Frequency spread spectrum (FSS) is a ...

Synchronous Detection is a useful technique for extracting low level signals buried below the noise floor, with many instrumentation applications. Some examples include measuring very small resistance ...