If the story that follows were reduced to two significant points, they might be: (1) An internal combustion engine (normally aspirated) is little more than an air/fuel pump; (2) intake manifolding, ...

Cobordism theory, a cornerstone of geometric topology, analyses the equivalence classes of manifolds by utilising the concept of cobordism – whereby two manifolds are considered equivalent if they ...

The intake manifold distributes air or air/fuel mixtures to the individual cylinders under varying engine speeds, loads, and environmental conditions. Whether the working flow is pure air, air/fuel, ...