Quantum phase transitions describe abrupt changes in the ground state of a quantum system at absolute zero when a control parameter is varied. They are distinguished from classical phase transitions ...

Phase transitions, shifts between different states of matter, are widely explored physical phenomena. So far, these transitions have primarily been studied in three-dimensional (3D) and ...

Researchers have achieved a remarkable result: capturing and studying phase changes in quantum hardware, which hold hold promise for next-generation technologies like quantum computing and ...

The toughness, ductility, and wear resistance of metallic alloys are dictated by the phases present in their microstructure and how these phases are distributed. During heat treatments such as ...

In 1935, Albert Einstein and Erwin Schrödinger, two of the most prominent physicists of the day, got into a dispute over the nature of reality. Einstein had done the math and knew that the universe ...

PCMs leverage the principle of latent heat to function effectively. During the phase transition process, a PCM absorbs a substantial amount of latent heat from its environment, cooling the area as it ...

Phase changes -- Stability and instability -- Bifurcations and catastrophes -- Percolation -- Random graphs -- Life origins -- Virus dynamics -- Cell structure ...