Probability underpins AI, cryptography and statistics. However, as the philosopher Bertrand Russell said, “Probability is the ...

The US equity market stands at the most extreme valuations in history, on the measures we find best correlated with actual ...

Learn about semivariance, a key metric for assessing a portfolio’s downside risk. Understand its formula and how to calculate potential negative variations below the mean.

Discover how Monte Carlo analysis helps investors assess risk and make informed decisions. Explore its role in generating ...

Betting on ice hockey has become widespread in both Canada and the United States. Bettors are attracted to the league because of its rapid and physically demanding matches along with the even ...

AI agents are machine learning models (e.g. Claude Opus 4.6) that have access to other software through a CLI harness (e.g.

In terms of class probability, entrepreneurs and consumers have to decide which characteristics of a particular event are unique (and not relevant to the probability estimate) and which elements are ...

Background We evaluated the impact of the number of teeth on health expectancy, measured as years of life without limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) and physical function, among adults ...

Right now, molecules in the air are moving around you in chaotic and unpredictable ways. To make sense of such systems, physicists use a law known as the Boltzmann distribution, which, rather than ...

The best retirement withdrawal method depends on what’s most important to you. That’s one of the conclusions from our recent annual study on safe withdrawal rates. Every spending method involves some ...

A new study of over 32,000 US Veterans has found that the longer people stay on medications for opioid use disorder (buprenorphine, methadone, or extended-release naltrexone), the greater the ...

In mid-December 2025, an image (archived) circulated online purportedly showing U.S. President Donald Trump using a walker as a mobility aid. Keith Edwards, a Democratic political strategist, posted ...